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dysphemistic treadmill's avatar

To bang a drum that I have banged here before:

There are thousands of rape-kits lying untested all over the US. Some of those rapists are also murderers. There is a huge correlation between violence against women and other kinds of criminal violence. (It seems every time there's a deranged shooter, it turns out that there was a wife or gf raising red flags that were ignored by police.)

The criminal justice system has shown that it's unwilling to treat rape as a crime -- it's left on the books in case a black man rapes a white woman, but otherwise it's pretty much a dead letter.

But even if cops wink at rape, they should not overlook the huge resource of leads for cold-case murders that is sitting in those rape-kits. How many serial killers have also been serial rapists? The majority, maybe the vast majority.

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Richard Gadsden's avatar

The basic take here - that milder penalties and more thorough policing are an effective way to reduce crime, and that excessive penalties result in people (witnesses, police, prosecutors) letting petty criminals get away with crimes, which drives up crime - is one that I was taught in history class in high school in the 1980s.

The introduction of Peelian policing and the gradual removal of the "bloody code" in the Victorian era saw a dramatic drop in crime rates. Until 1823, there were something like 200 crimes that could be punished with death (often reduced to transportation to the colonies in practice); by 1861, there were only five civilian offences, of which only murder was prosecuted in any significant numbers (there were a handful of executions for treason and espionage relating to the two world wars, the last piracy execution was in 1830, the only execution for arson in a royal dockyard was in 1777). "Something like" is there because there isn't a formal list; Parliament had to pass a law saying "all crimes except these five can no longer be penalised with death" because there was no complete list available.

Not only was the death penalty abolished, many crimes saw the punishment reduced to a fine or short sentence, not long terms in prison.

At the same time, professional policing - first the Metropolitan Police in London (1829) and the copycat police in, eventually, every county in the country - was introduced, which meant a huge increase in the fraction of crimes being caught and prosecuted, and a big fall in crime rates.

The other part of the story is that prisons became professionalised and much less savage; Elizabeth Fry was the person credited with this in my high school; how true that really is, I don't know.

Now, that's the "high school history" version of this bit of criminology, how true it actually is compared to reality, I don't know. But it does show that this dates back well over a century.

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